Public Health

The purpose I share my medical syllabus during my era is to help me know the topic should I revise during my free time to improve my medical knowledge and to give an idea for future medical students about the topic they would learn in medical school.

Topic of Public Health discussed during my time in Medical School:

1st semester:

a. General Public Health

- Philosophy and development of public health: Introduction to Public Health

- Environment and health: Introduction to environmental health, environmental health problems

- Affecting factors of disease and prevention of disease: Progression of disease, prevention of disease

- Anthropology of Medicine

- Health administration: Basic of administration and management of health, National Health System, Five Star Doctor, Health Paradigm (Indonesian vision), Introduction to health service

- Health-care service center and health promotion

3rd semester:

a. Teenage and Reproductive Health Care

- Reproductive health

- Perinatal care

- Teenage reproductive health

- Referral system during attending complication in delivery

- Function of sexologist in reproductive health

- Implementation of social obstetric and gynaecology in reproductive health care: Family planning

- Management in health care center for mother and children

- Maternal and Child health clinic: Program for pregnancy and delivery and children health

- Child nutrition: Determination of healthy menu for children, community nutritional status evaluation

b. Industrial Health Care:

- Working physiology and ergonomy

- Nutrition for worker

- Industrial psychology

4th semester:

a. Skin disease and Leprosy Health Care:

- Leprosy management program and prevention of other skin diseases

b. Geriatric Medicine:

- Geriatric health care

- Health management system in geriatric health care 

- Health management of geriatric diseases and its prevention

c. Respiratory disease and Tuberculosis Health Care:

- Management of tuberculosis control

- Management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

5th semester:

a. Sexually Transmitted Infection and Hepatitis B Health Care:

- Global strategy for the prevention and control of sexually transmitted infection (STI): Epidemiology, education, counselling, managing patient's sexual partner, management of STI in health care center

- Global strategy for the prevention of Hepatitis B: Epidemiology, transmission, clinical features, geographical distribution

- Hepatitis B immunization strategies: Routine infant vaccination, prevention of perinatal Hepatitis B virus transmission, catch-up vaccination of older persons, management guideline of information for health workers and parents

- Hepatitis B vaccine: Vaccine (monitoring vaccine coverage), advocacy and communication (assessing Hepatitis B disease burden and the impact of Hepatitis B immunization)

b. Eye disease and Blindness Health Care:

- Blindness in Indonesia: Preventive ophthalmology of eye infection, amblyopia, radiation injury, glaucoma, drug-related visual loss, xeropthalmia, metabolic and genetic related eye disorder

6th semester:

a. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA):

- Company hygiene and occupational health

- Occupational disease: definition-types-diagnosis of occupational diseases, lungs-skin-eye-stress-musculoskeletal occupational diseases

- Prevention of occupational disease: Personal protection equipment (PPE)

- Occupational accident and its prevention

- Industrial toxicology

- Physical factor in workplace

- Ergonomy and physiology of work

- Occupational nutrition

- Industrial psychology: Motivation and satisfaction

- Management of occupational safety and health 

7th semester:

a. Travel Medicine:

- Non-infectious risk of travel: General health recommendation pre-travelling and during travelling (WHO international health regulations, general recommendations for vaccination and Immunoprophylaxis, geographical distribution of health potential risk for traveler, health information for traveler to Indonesia, motion sickness, sunburn, scuba diving hazards and animal-associated hazard)

- Infectious risk of travel: Prevention of specific infectious disease (prevention of malaria, rabies filariasis, hemophilus influenza type B -HiB, meningitis, amoebiasis, cholera, hepatitis, dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis, leptospirosis, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, measles - rubeola, mumps, varicella - chicken pox, rubella)

b. Family Medicine:

- Principle of Family Medicine: Continuity of care, comprehensiveness, coordination of care, community, family

- Family as a unit of care: Family structure, family functions, family as the social context of health care

- Family life cycle and its implications of health care: Human life cycle, stages of family life cycle, emotional process in transition of stages, first order changes, second order changes, problems encountered at each stage of the cycle, life stages and the impact of chonic illness, oppurtunity in each patient encounter

- Working with families: Biopsychosocial model, how family work - family system theory, interdependence, boundries, triangulation, family physician involvement with the family

- Tool for family assessment: Family dynamic, impact of illness on the family, tools for family assessment, family genogram, family circle, family APGAR

- Home care and palliative care: Who can benefit from a physician home visit, skills needed for home care (overcoming the fear of making home visit, initiating home visit, specific home visit skills, caring for the caregiver

- Health economics: Economic environment (Indonesian government program of "Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional", commercial insurance companies, manage care plans), billing system in family medicine practice (capitation system, utilization review, risk profit sharing, premi calculation)

- Special considerations in examining small children: Relieving anxiety, tailoring your examination to the age of the child, history and initial obsrevation, order of the examination, concluding the examinations

- Special considerations in caring for the adolescent patient: Adolescent - an underserved population, family physicians as providers of adolescent health care, common health problems of adolescent, problems with major psychosocial components, approach to adolescent patient, innovations in the delivery of services to adolescents (adolescent health care clinics, school-based clinics)

- Special consideration in caring the geriatric patient: Initial encounter, assessing the geriatric patient, addressing the problems of the geriatric patient, home visit, health maintenance, longterm care placement

- Preventive care: Scope of prevention in family practice, implementing prevention, education and counselling, prevention-oriented office system, community advocacy for health, wellness program in family practice

- Prenatal care: Perspective in prenatal care, prenatal care in the office (preconception planning, diagnosing pregnancy, first trimester prenatal care), history and risk assessment, second trimester prenatal care, third trimester prenatal care, family physicians and obstetric consultants

- Healthy child care and healthy adult care: Risk factor identification, immunization, diagnostic screening (growth and development, cardiovascular screening, musculoskeletal screening, scoliosis, hearing screening, vision screening, caries prevention, laboratory screening, education during healthy child visits), injury and accident prevention, immunizations for overseas traveler (recommendations for immunizations), screening for asymptomatic disease, patient education, implementing preventive care, challenges in preventive care

- Patient education and Health promotion: Improving patient compliance, a systemic approach to educate patients (establish rapport, identify needs, assess potential barrier to compliance, negotiate a plan, instruct the patient in the plan, evaluate the understanding, monitor the patient, putting it all together), assessment for health promotion, health promotion counselling, barriers of successful health promotion, community health promotion, specific health promotion strategies

- Medical record in family practice: Record form (Family folder, family health book), type (manual medical record, electronic medical record), problem oriented medical record (data base - information, problem list, plans - interventions, progress note), international classification of primary care

- Complimentary and alternative medicine: Scope and definition, variety of modalities (traditional herbs, herbal therapy, homeopathy, Ayurveda, Yoga, angel healing, etc.), integrative medicine

- Managing a medical practice: Clinic setup, recruiting and assigning job, improving ability and progress of staff, medical and non medical equipment, management-efficiency-intervention, maintenance-storage-security-inventorization of asset)

- Consultation and referral in Family Doctor practice: Medical referral, health referral, characteristic of consultation and referral, problem in consultation and referral, methods of consultation and referral, authority division and responsibility)

c. Sport Medicine:

- Primary care of the athlete: Preparticipation sports examinations, identifying the causes of athletic injuries (predicposing factors, determining the mechanism of injury, assessing the patient with recurrent injury, evaluating acute injuries, preventive measures)



*This medical syllabus copied and edited from 3 manual books for 1st semester medical student, 2 manual books for 3rd semester medical student, 3 manual books for 4th semester medical student, 3 manual books for 5th semester medical student, 2 manual books for 6th semester medical student and 3 manual books for 7th semester medical student from my university during my era. 
**The topic currently discussed in my university may different from this syllabus due to progression of medical knowledge and improvement of quality for medical syllabus based on my university assessment.

Basic Subjects For A Medical Student (Part 7b/7)

The purpose I share my medical syllabus during my era is to help me know the topic should I revise during my free time to improve my medical knowledge and to give an idea for future medical students about the topic they would learn in medical school.

Topic discussed during my 7th Semester in Medical School:

B. SUPPLEMENTAL SUBJECTS:
1. Medical Etiquette:
a. Tropical Medicine:
- Ethical aspect in HIV and AIDS

2. Public Health:
a. Tropical Medicine:
- Non-infectious risk of travel: General health recommendation pre-travelling and during travelling (WHO international health regulations, general recommendations for vaccination and Immunoprophylaxis, geographical distribution of health potential risk for traveler, health information for traveler to Indonesia, motion sickness, sunburn, scuba diving hazards and animal-associated hazard)
- Infectious risk of travel: Prevention of specific infectious disease (prevention of malaria, rabies filariasis, hemophilus influenza type B -HiB, meningitis, amoebiasis, cholera, hepatitis, dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis, leptospirosis, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, measles - rubeola, mumps, varicella - chicken pox, rubella)
b. Family Medicine:
- Principle of Family Medicine: Continuity of care, comprehensiveness, coordination of care, community, family
- Family as a unit of care: Family structure, family functions, family as the social context of health care
- Family life cycle and its implications of health care: Human life cycle, stages of family life cycle, emotional process in transition of stages, first order changes, second order changes, problems encountered at each stage of the cycle, life stages and the impact of chonic illness, oppurtunity in each patient encounter
- Working with families: Biopsychosocial model, how family work - family system theory, interdependence, boundries, triangulation, family physician involvement with the family
- Tool for family assessment: Family dynamic, impact of illness on the family, tools for family assessment, family genogram, family circle, family APGAR
- Home care and palliative care: Who can benefit from a physician home visit, skills needed for home care (overcoming the fear of making home visit, initiating home visit, specific home visit skills, caring for the caregiver
- Health economics: Economic environment (Indonesian government program of "Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional", commercial insurance companies, manage care plans), billing system in family medicine practice (capitation system, utilization review, risk profit sharing, premi calculation)
- Special considerations in examining small children: Relieving anxiety, tailoring your examination to the age of the child, history and initial obsrevation, order of the examination, concluding the examinations
- Special considerations in caring for the adolescent patient: Adolescent - an underserved population, family physicians as providers of adolescent health care, common health problems of adolescent, problems with major psychosocial components, approach to adolescent patient, innovations in the delivery of services to adolescents (adolescent health care clinics, school-based clinics)
- Special consideration in caring the geriatric patient: Initial encounter, assessing the geriatric patient, addressing the problems of the geriatric patient, home visit, health maintenance, longterm care placement
- Primary care of the athlete: Preparticipation sports examinations, identifying the causes of athletic injuries (predicposing factors, determining the mechanism of injury, assessing the patient with recurrent injury, evaluating acute injuries, preventive measures)
- Preventive care: Scope of prevention in family practice, implementing prevention, education and counselling, prevention-oriented office system, community advocacy for health, wellness program in family practice
- Prenatal care: Perspective in prenatal care, prenatal care in the office (preconception planning, diagnosing pregnancy, first trimester prenatal care), history and risk assessment, second trimester prenatal care, third trimester prenatal care, family physicians and obstetric consultants
- Healthy child care and healthy adult care: Risk factor identification, immunization, diagnostic screening (growth and development, cardiovascular screening, musculoskeletal screening, scoliosis, hearing screening, vision screening, caries prevention, laboratory screening, education during healthy child visits), injury and accident prevention, immunizations for overseas traveler (recommendations for immunizations), screening for asymptomatic disease, patient education, implementing preventive care, challenges in preventive care
- Patient education and Health promotion: Improving patient compliance, a systemic approach to educate patients (establish rapport, identify needs, assess potential barrier to compliance, negotiate a plan, instruct the patient in the plan, evaluate the understanding, monitor the patient, putting it all together), assessment for health promotion, health promotion counselling, barriers of successful health promotion, community health promotion, specific health promotion strategies
- Medical record in family practice: Record form (Family folder, family health book), type (manual medical record, electronic medical record), problem oriented medical record (data base - information, problem list, plans - interventions, progress note), international classification of primary care
- Complimentary and alternative medicine: Scope and definition, variety of modalities (traditional herbs, herbal therapy, homeopathy, Ayurveda, Yoga, angel healing, etc.), integrative medicine
- Managing a medical practice: Clinic setup, recruiting and assigning job, improving ability and progress of staff, medical and non medical equipment, management-efficiency-intervention, maintenance-storage-security-inventorization of asset)
- Consultation and referral in Family Doctor practice: Medical referral, health referral, characteristic of consultation and referral, problem in consultation and referral, methods of consultation and referral, authority division and responsibility)

3. Medical Research:
- Data processing and analyzing: Application of data principle, statistic in descriptive statistic and analytic statistic study
- Behavioral data processing and analyzing: Application of analysis principle, behavioral data, scale of attitude, analyzing of behavioral data
- Writing research report: Application of general form of scientific report, application in principle of abstract in scientific report, application in principle of research result (narration-text, tables, graphic, content table), application in principle of discussion and conclusion-suggestion, application in systematic writing of scientific report's result

4. Culture:
- Social-cultural and health
- Health care system and social-cultural adaptation strategy
- Social-cultural and health care: Primary health care, cultural variation in healthy and ill condition
- Social-culture pattern in community: obstacle and stimulant in health management: social-cultural- psychological factor that inhibit and stimulating health innovation
- Positive and negative consequence in context of social-culture and environment change
- Cross cultural psychiatry
- Social-cultural factor in problem management of degenerative-cardiovascular disease
- Social-cultural aspect in sexuality problem
- Social-cultural aspect in decision of health care (birth, old age, death, patient with terminal disease)

5. Medical Statistic:
- Data entry with SPSS (laboratory topic)
- Descriptive statistic analysis with SPSS (laboratory topic)
- Analyzing with chi square by using SPSS (laboratory topic)
- Independent T test analysis with SPSS (laboratory topic)
- Dependent T test analysis with SPSS (laboratory topic)
- Anova analysis with SPSS (laboratory topic)

6. Behavioral Science:
- Introduction of Behavioral Science: Definition of behavior, specific characteristic of behavior, general characteristic of behavior, behavioral form, behavior based on Skiner theory
- Behavioral domain: Definition of behavioral domain, definition of knowledge, stages of knowledge, definition of attitude, stages of attitude, definition of action, stages of action
- Behavioral determinant: Definition of behavioral determinant, behavioral determinant based on Lawrence Green, WHO, Snehandu B Kar theories
- Behavioral changes: Behavioral changes (stimulus organism response) theory, functional theory, form of behavioral changes, behavioral changes strategy, behavior adoption process, model in reduction of fear, Rogers' theory of adoption innovation, power struggle theory, Green's model of behavioral changes, Rosenstock's model of believe
- Illness behavior: Health behavior, concept of healthy and illness, community perception of healthy and illness, perception and behavior of illness, causes in behavior and reaction of illness, illness behavior analysis, cultural effect in illness behavior, theory of decision maker, role of illness behavior
- Medication complianceness behavior: Compliance-adherence-concordance, affecting factor in complianceness of medication, strategy in increasing of complianceness
- Health care usage model: community action when getting sick, health care usage theory, decision making model, affecting factor in health care usage, health believe model


*This medical syllabus copied and edited from 4 manual books for 7th semester medical student from my university during my era. 
**The topic currently discussed for 7th semester medical student in my university may different from this syllabus due to progression of medical knowledge and improvement of quality for medical syllabus based on my university assessment.

Basic Subjects For A Medical Student (Part 7a/7)

The purpose I share my medical syllabus during my era is to help me know the topic should I revise during my free time to improve my medical knowledge and to give an idea for future medical students about the topic they would learn in medical school.

Topic discussed during my 7th Semester in Medical School:

A. CORE SUBJECTS:

1. Medicine (Infection-Tropical):

a. Tropical Medicine:
- Bacterial infection: Typhoid, tetanus, bacterial sepsis

- Viral infection: Dengue, chikungunya, rabies, HIV and AIDS, influenza

- Parasitic infection: Malaria, Filariasis

- Zoonotic infection: Leptospirosis

- Counselling technique in HIV/ AIDS cases (skills laboratory topic)

- Fluid resuscitation in dengue shock syndrome (skills laboratory topic)

b. Elective (Tropical Infectious Disease):
- Epidemiology of HIV

- Diagnosis of opportunistic infection

- Treatment of opportunistic infection in HIV patient

2. Paediatrics:

a. Tropical Medicine:
- Bacterial infection: Typhoid, tetanus, pertussis, diphtheria, bacterial sepsis

- Viral infection: Dengue, rabies, HIV and AIDS

- Prevention of dengue fever

- Fever with rash: Measles, roseola infantum, varicella, variola, mumps

- Parasitic infection: Malaria

- TORCH infection: Toxoplasmosis, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes

- Zoonotic infection: Influenza A (H1N1 - swine flu), anthrax

- Fitting management of tetanus in children (skills laboratory topic)

- History taking of febrile disease in children (skills laboratory topic)

b. Family Medicine:
- Integrated management of sick toddler: General warning sign, cough and difficulty of breathing, diarrhoea, fever, ear problem, nutritional status and anaemia, administration technique of medication in toddler, counselling, follow-up service

- Integrated management of sick infant: Seizure, respiratory problem, hypothermia, bacterial infection, icteric, diarrhoea, digestive disorder, low born body weight, management and medication, counselling
c. Elective (Viral-Oncogene):

- Cancer and epidemiology

- Viruses and cancer

- Burkitt lymphoma and leukemia: Relationship between Human T-lymphotropic virus -1 (HTLV-1) infection and leukemia, Relationship between Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) infection and nasopharyngeal carcinoma-Burkitt's lymphoma

3. Pathology (Clinical):

a. Tropical Medicine:
- Laboratory investigation in diagnosis of typhoid fever

- Laboratory investigation in diagnosis of dengue fever

- Laboratory investigation in diagnosis of HIV and AIDS

- Laboratory investigation in diagnosis of TORCH infection (Toxoplasmosis, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes)

- Rapid diagnostic tests (laboratory topic)

- Thick blood smear preparation (skills laboratory topic)

b. Family Medicine:
- Management of laboratory investigation: Management of laboratory referral, factors that affecting laboratory investigation result, improvement in laboratory internal quality
c. Elective (Viral-Oncogene):

- Laboratory test in oncology

4. Microbiology:

a. Tropical Medicine:
- Bacterial zoonotic disease: Leptospirosis, bucellosis, tularemia, plaque, yersiniosis, bacterial cellulitis, cat bite, dog bite, anthrax, psittacosis, ornitosis, non-typhoidal salmonella, lyme disease, melioidosis, cat scratch, bartonelosis, spotted fever, Q fever, erlichiosis, aeromanas infection, erysepeloid, listeriosis, mycobacterial infection (M. bovis, M. avium), campylobacter jejuni

- Viral zoonotic disease: Rabies, hantavirus, pulmonary syndrome (pneumonia), yellow fever, dengue, encephalitis
b. Elective (Tropical Infectious Disease):

- Determinant of tuberculosis case definition 

- Detection, classification and type of tuberculosis cases

- Management of non-compliance to anti-tuberculosis medication cases

- Management of tuberculosis in specific health condition

- Recording and reporting in National tuberculosis management program

- Indicator in tuberculosis program and method of indicator analysis: Case detection rate, success rate

c. Basic Biomedical Science in Elective:
- Sampling technique and sending technique of the microbiological specimen

- Antimicrobial sensitivity test and antimicrobial resistancy

- Nosocomial infection

- Body immunity to bacteria, virus and fungus

- Sampling technique of acid-fast bacteria (Ziehl Neelsen method) with International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD) scale (laboratory topic)

5. Dermatology:

a. Tropical Medicine:
- HIV and AIDS

6. Parasitology:

a. Tropical Medicine:
- Malaria: Plasmodium species

- Filaria: Filaria species (lymphatic and non-lymphatic)

- Role of arthropods in tropical infectious disease: Role and control of mosquitoes

- Role and control of acarina in tropical infectious disease

- Parasitology in Travel medicine: Typanosomia species and Leishmania species (vector of typanosomiasis and leishmaniasis: Glossina fly, Phlebotomous fly, Triatomine bug)

- Filaria and blood trematodes (wet laboratory topic)

- Blood protozoan (laboratory topic)
b. Family Medicine:

- Basic in Family Medicine: Arthropodes bite (scorpionidae, araneids, hymenoptera - bee and ant, Coleoptera - beetle, chilopods) 

c. Elective (Tropical Infectious Disease):
- Intestinal parasites: Ascariasis, trichuriasis, anchylostomiasis, taeniasis, amoebiasis, giardiasis

- Lymphatic parasites: Filariasis

- Malaria

d. Basic Biomedical Science in Elective:
- General characteristics and profiles of parasites, hosts and vectors

- General pathogenesis of various important parasitic infections in human, a wrap up

- Sampling technique of malaria (thick blood smear)

7. Ophthalmology:

a. Tropical Medicine:
- Tropical infection involving eye

8. Psychiatry:

a. Tropical Medicine:
- Tropical infection in psychiatric disease: mental disorder, delirium, dementia, amnestic disorder, mood disorder, psychotic disorder, anxiety disorder, catatonic disorder, personality change disorder

9. Anesthesiology:

a. Tropical Medicine:
- Role of anesthetic in tropical disease: Tetanus, severe malaria, dengue shock syndrome

10. Pharmacology:

a. Tropical Medicine:
- Medication used in tropical infection and disease: Chemotherapy drugs, antibiotics (betalactam, chloramphenicole, tetracycline, aminoglycoside, macrolides, quinolone, sulphate derivative), antivirus, antifungal, antelminthic, antiprotozoan, antimalaria

b. Family Medicine:
- Pharmacoeconomics: Pharmacoeconomics consider: cost-benefit, cost-utility, cost-effectiveness, Rational in prescription, cascade in prescription 

- National drugs policy, registration of national essential drugs, legislation of over the counter (OTC) medication 

- Determination of popular drug (P-drug), ambulatory drug therapy 

- Recommendation for prescription in children: special considerations, adverse drug reactions, therapeutic drug monitoring 

- Recommendation for prescription in geriatric: special considerations, adverse drug reactions, therapeutic drug monitoring 

- Traditional medicine: Definition, classification of traditional medicine in Indonesia, pharmacological aspect of traditional medicine, development of traditional medicine, special attention to traditional medicine

- Benefit of number need to treat (NNT) and number need to harm (NNH) in prescription of medication
c. Elective (Tropical Infectious Disease):

- Pharmacological aspect of anti malaria

- Pharmacological aspect of anti-retro viral drugs
d. Elective (Viral-Oncogene):
- Pharmacology of anticancer drugs

e. Basic Biomedical Science in Elective:
- Dosage-response relationship

- Route of drugs administration

- Non therapeutic effect

- Pharmacokinetic interaction

- Pharmacodynamic interaction

- Pharmacology of sympathetic autonomic nervous system and relation to clinical signs and symptoms

- Pharmacology of parasympathetic autonomic nervous system and relation to clinical signs and symptoms

- Factor that affecting pharmacology of drug

- Drugs and therapeutic classes of drugs (laboratory topic)

- Calculation of dosage in pediatric drug (laboratory topic)

- Popular drug (P-drug) simulation from cases in hospital ward (laboratory topic)

- Prescription technique of ready-made drug and concoction drug (laboratory topic)

11. Pulmonology:

a. Family Medicine:
- Basic in Family Medicine: Family's role in management of lungs tuberculosis (DOTS - Direct observe treatment short course, ISTC - International standard TB care) 

12. Dentistry:

a. Family Medicine:
- Role of family in dental health management 

- Systemic disease that affecting dental health

- Bacterial-viral-fungal infection that affecting dental health

- Manifestation of hormonal disorder in oral cavity

13. Geriatric:

a. Family Medicine:
- Infectious disease in geriatric

- Cardiovascular disease in geriatric

- Musculoskeletal disease in geriatric

14. Nutrition:

a. Family Medicine:
- Nutritional management in geriatric
b. Elective (Viral-Oncogene):

- Medical nutrition therapy for cancer

15. Physiology:

a. Family Medicine:
- Sport Medicine: Physical performance based on physical tests (Physical fitness, physical fitness test, cardiopulmonary function test during exercise, maximal aerobic power test, sub maximal test), evaluation of physical tests (VO2 max, anaerobic power, muscular strength)

- Sport Medicine: Maximal aerobic power and anaerobic power, physical performance, physical activity for health and fitness
b. Basic Biomedical Science in Elective:

- Physiology of nervous system: Movement regulation, autonomic nervous system, physiology of cranial nerve, physiology of pain

- Physiology of cardiovascular system: Cardiodynamic and hemodynamic, basics electrical events of heart and electrocardiograph (ECG)

- Physiology of respiratory system: Physiology and pathophysiology of respiratory system

- Physiology of digestive system: Physiology and pathophysiology of digestive system

- Physiology of kidney: Physiology of urine formation, pathophysiology of kidney

16. Biochemistry:

a. Family Medicine:
- Prenatal care: Genetic counselling (Pedigree analysis, genetic assessment, history taking-physical examination-diagnostic in genetic counselling

- Closed bloodline marriage and genetic counselling aspect 
b. Elective (Viral-Oncogene):

- Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes: Pro-oncogene,tumor suppressor gene, oncogene, type of mutation in oncogene, virus role in mutation, oncogene product

- Cellular signalling: Intracellular signalling pathway to oncogene

- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) (laboratory topic)

17. Obstetric and Gynaecology:

a. Family Medicine:
- Lactation (breast feeding) counselling  (skills laboratory topic)

- Family planning counselling (skills laboratory topic)

- Insertion and removal of contraceptive implant (skills laboratory topic)

- Insertion and removal of contraceptive intrauterine device (IUD) (skills laboratory topic)
b. Elective (Viral-Oncogene):

- Cervical carcinoma: Tumor and cancer in uterine cervix due to HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) infection

18. Anatomy:

a. Basic Biomedical Science in Elective:
- Introduction of anatomy

- Skull

- Head and neck

- Extremities

- Thorax

- Abdomen and Pelvis

- Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system

- Skull (laboratory topic)

- Head and neck (laboratory topic)

- Extremities (laboratory topic)

- Thorax (laboratory topic)

- Abdomen and Pelvis (laboratory topic)

- Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system (laboratory topic)

19. Histology:

a. Basic Biomedical Science in Elective:
- Basics of histology

- Cell junction and cell communication

- Cell cycle

- DNA replication

- Proliferation and differentiation of cell

- Apoptosis

20. Oncology (Surgical):

a. Elective (Viral-Oncogene):
- Introduction of cancer biology: Perspective oncology and the future of oncology

- Solid tumor: Surgical role in solid tumor

21. Pathology (Anatomical):

a. Elective (Viral-Oncogene):
- Cell proliferation and tumor growth: Differentiation and anaplastic, rates of growth cancer stem cells and cancer cell lineages

- Cell death: Necrosis and apoptosis, evasion of apoptosis, host defense again tumors-tumor immunity

- Tumor progression and metastasis: Cellular-molecular and micro environmental factors
- Angiogenesis

- Grading and staging of tumors

- Laboratory diagnosis of cancer

- Immunohistochemistry (laboratory topic)

22. Radiology:

a. Elective (Viral-Oncogene):
- Imaging in oncology

23. Gastroenterology (Medical):

a. Elective (Viral-Oncogene):

- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): Types of liver tumor with its differential diagnosis, etiology of HCC, pathogenesis of HCC, symptoms and signs of HCC, diagnosis of HCC

24. ENT:

a. Elective (Viral-Oncogene):
- Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Types of nasopharynx tumor and cancer, mechanism of nasopharyngeal tumor, sign and symptoms of nasopharyngeal tumor

25. Oncology (Medical):

a. Elective (Viral-Oncogene):
- Management of cancer with chemotherapy

*This medical syllabus copied and edited from 4 manual books for 7th semester medical student from my university during my era. 

**The topic currently discussed for 7th semester medical student in my university may different from this syllabus due to progression of medical knowledge and improvement of quality for medical syllabus based on my university assessment.